Today, we published a summary of recent changes to the actions and scheme information for the expanded Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI) on GOV.UK.
Most of the updates have been made in response to feedback from farmers, stakeholder organisations, and other experts.
The scheme’s design allows for ongoing improvements and we're grateful to those who continue to help shape SFI. Whether feedback comes from a roundtable discussion, a conversation at an auction mart, or a blog post comment, feedback enables us to provide greater clarity, flexibility and support for farmers.
However, we recognise that farmers need certainty about their obligations. We aim to balance the scheme’s evolution with clear version control, ensuring stability without constant change.
This post summarises the main changes. You can view full details in:
- the summary of changes document on GOV.UK
- each SFI action on the ‘Find funding for land or farms’ digital tool (select ‘See all updates’ at the top of the action)
- the SFI scheme information (select ‘See all updates’ at the top of the SFI guidance page)
What’s changed in SFI actions
The following general changes apply to all SFI actions, where relevant:
- clarified that eligible land types are defined in the SFI scheme information (section 5.1).
- explained how to obtain consent to perform actions on sites of special scientific interest (SSSIs) in the SFI scheme information (section 10.3).
- published voluntary advice to help you complete the actions.
We have also made specific technical changes to various SFI actions to ensure they are achievable and effective in meeting environmental goals. These include:
- clearer guidance on land eligibility and action requirements
- updated rules on performing multiple actions on the same land parcel.
Examples of these changes are included in this post.
Voluntary advice
We’ve reduced prescription in SFI actions wherever possible, allowing farmers to decide how to complete them, provided they:
- follow the action’s requirements
- complete the action in a way that could reasonably achieve its aim.
To support you, we’ve published voluntary advice for each action. This advice is not mandatory; it’s up to you whether to follow it.
You can find it under each SFI action in the ‘Find funding for land or farms’ tool, linked above.
Increased flexibility for rotational actions
Previously, some SFI actions in the expanded offer required newly established areas to remain static for the action’s duration. In response to feedback, these actions can now be rotational or static, whether it’s an existing or newly established area.
For example, CNUM3 (legume fallow) and CSAM3 (herbal leys) can now be rotated or static, providing more flexibility in food production, soil health, and wildlife support.
This change acknowledges the diverse nature of farming across the country and aims to make SFI more accessible and practical for a broader range of farmers.
Changes to land type due to required activities
Some SFI actions may cause land type changes during the action’s duration. Where this is likely, we’ve clarified that the land must be eligible at the start of the action. For example, if scrub develops under BFS2 (buffer in-field ponds on arable land) and AHW12 (manage woodland edges on arable land).
Eligibility of land with historic or archaeological features
If an SFI action is ineligible on land with historic or archaeological features, we’ve clarified that you can still apply for the action on areas within a land parcel that do not contain such features.
Clarification on storage
We’ve clarified that ‘storage’ in certain SFI actions refers to storing items like bales or machinery, for example, in CIGL3 (4m to 12m grass buffer strip on improved grassland).
Soil management and cover crops
You can now:
- use a cover crop paid for under SOH3 (multi-species summer-sown cover crop) to meet CSAM2 (multi-species winter cover crop) if you overseed it
- carry out mole draining for SOH1 (no-till farming) if necessary to help natural drainage, provided the land does not contain historical or archaeological features
- graze the cover crop under SOH4 (winter cover following maize crops), provided it remains well-established over winter.
There are also more SFI actions you can do on the same area of land as CSAM1 (assess soil, produce a soil management plan and test soil organic matter) such as AHW4, AHW12, CIGL3, GRH6, BFS6: 6m to 12m habitat strip next to watercourses, SCR1 (Create scrub and open habitat mosaics), and SCR2 (Manage scrub and open habitat mosaics), providing farmers with more tools to manage their soil health effectively.
Precision farming
We’ve updated PRF1 (variable rate application of nutrients) to clarify that:
- the action applies only to major nutrients
- the rate of major nutrients the land must receive for it to be eligible
- variable rate application equipment is not required for applying micro-nutrients or lime
- existing zonal testing analysis can be used if it meets the action’s requirements and is less than 5 years old.
Livestock grazing and shepherding on SSSI moorland
If you’re carrying out SFI actions on moorland that’s a SSSI, such as UPL2 (low livestock grazing on moorland) or UPL8 (shepherding livestock on moorland – remove stock for at least 4 months), there are additional requirements.
We’ve added wording to clarify that you should refer to section 10.3 of the SFI scheme information for:
- guidance on what to do before applying for the action on SSSI land
- how to notify Natural England and obtain SSSI consent
- information on stocking and shepherding to include with your SSSI notice.
Supplemental actions
The duration of supplemental actions has been updated to either 3 years or 5 years (as relevant), instead of ‘same as base action’. You can now apply for a supplemental action:
- at the same time as an eligible base action
- in a separate SFI agreement after the eligible base action, which means the supplemental action may last longer than the base action.
We’ve also added:
- which supplemental SFI actions you can apply for in relevant base actions
- more details on base and supplemental actions in the SFI scheme information (section 1.6 and annex C).
Apply for SFI
There are now 102 actions available through SFI.
All the actions can be found on the ‘Find funding for land or farms’ tool on GOV.UK. There’s also a PDF version which includes all 102 SFI actions.
To learn more about how the scheme can work for your farm business, visit our dedicated SFI site.
We’re rolling out applications for SFI in a controlled way, so everyone gets the right level of service and support.
You can begin your SFI journey by completing a short expression of interest survey.
3 comments
Comment by Jane Durrant posted on
Hi - I have an active SFI agreement, and have been accepted to join the expanded SFI offer because I want to put more arable land down to legume fallow. However, the form is not allowing me to do this because my current scheme has IPM4 on the parcels I want to use. Is there any way around this?
Many thanks.
Comment by The Team posted on
Hi Jane,
If a farmer already has land entered into IPM4 in an agreement for the SFI 2023 offer, IPM4 is not compatible with CNUM3 (legume fallow). This means it can't be done on the same area in a land parcel as CNUM3.
Best wishes,
The Team
Comment by Richard Watson posted on
Thank you for the clarifications and confirmation SFI will continue to be at the heart of Defra policy under the new government.